Why Do We Say Crocodile Tears: Do Crocodiles Really Cry?

The term “crocodile tears” refers to an insincere show of emotion, such as expressing false sympathy or sorrow. This peculiar idiom has a fascinating origin and has been entrenched in language for centuries. The expression alludes to the ancient belief that crocodiles weep while consuming their prey. This idea, rooted in myth rather than scientific fact, suggests a hypocritical display of emotions where none actually exist.

This idiom has permeated many languages and cultures, often illustrating a universal concept of deceptive emotion. In various contexts, “crocodile tears” can convey a lack of authenticity in emotional expressions, highlighting the dissonance between a person’s outward display and inner feelings. The resilience of this phrase in language underscores the importance placed on genuine emotions in human interactions.

Over time, the idiom has evolved in its application, moving beyond its literal roots to become a metaphor for feigned sorrow or superficial remorse in everyday conversation. This development reflects a deep-seated cultural understanding that true emotions are valued, and insincerity is often socially admonished. The longevity of the term “crocodile tears” exemplifies the blend of language, emotion, and cultural norms in human communication.

Etymology of the Phrase

The phrase “crocodile tears” has a storied origin, branching from medieval literature to Shakespearean plays. These formative references shaped the term’s contemporary meaning, which is associated with insincerity or false sorrow.

Sir John Mandeville’s Influence

Sir John Mandeville is attributed with one of the earliest mentions of crocodile tears in his fabled travel memoir, The Travels of Sir John Mandeville. In it, he described crocodiles as deceitfully weeping to lure in their prey. This captivating account contributed significantly to the origin of the phrase within English literature and beyond.

Shakespeare’s Contribution

William Shakespeare further cemented the phrase in the English language through his dramatic works. His use of crocodile tears in Othello served to illustrate a character’s misleading display of sorrow, blending Mandeville’s legendary depiction with the emotional duplicity understood today.

Edmund Grindal’s References

Edmund Grindal, who eventually became the Archbishop of Canterbury, referenced crocodile tears in his sermons, reinforcing the association between crocodiles and false displays of grief. His contributions during the Elizabethan period spread the phrase’s usage in religious contexts, emphasizing moral overtones.

Biological Perspective

The concept of “crocodile tears” extends into the realm of biology, specifically examining the tear-producing glands of crocodiles. It is this physiological mechanism that sheds light on the phenomenon, distinguishing between genuine lacrimation and the mythical associations of insincerity.

Crocodile Glands and Shedding Tears

Crocodiles possess lachrymal glands that are functional and capable of producing tears. These tears serve a physiological purpose; they are not a result of emotional states but rather a necessity for keeping the crocodile’s eyes moist, particularly during and after feeding. Malcolm Shaner, a neurologist, and Kent Vliet, a coordinator of laboratories at the University of Florida, have observed that crocodiles have tear ducts that release moisture which can be misconstrued as tears.

Comparative Analysis with Caimans and Alligators

When comparing crocodiles with their close relatives, the alligators and caimans, it’s evident that they all belong to the order Crocodilia and share similar biology. These reptiles have similar sinuses and tear-shedding mechanisms. However, the notion of fake tears is a myth that has been historically linked to crocodiles more than caimans or alligators. Their biological propensity to shed tears is connected to physiological functions, mainly related to the cleansing and lubrication of the eyes, rather than any deceptive or emotional display.

Cultural Representations

The phrase “crocodile tears” is rich with historical and cultural connotations, deriving from ancient myths and finding its way into contemporary narratives through media and literature.

Myth and Ancient Beliefs

Ancient civilizations often imbued animals with symbolic meanings. The notion of crocodile tears originates from a myth that spans back to antiquity. Notably, Plutarch, a Greek historian, wrote about crocodiles by the River Nile supposedly shedding tears while devouring their prey. This ancient belief served as a vivid metaphor for insincere displays of emotion.

Modern Usage in Media and Literature

Over time, “crocodile tears” evolved into a popular metaphor to describe feigned sorrow or false grief. This expression is now commonly encountered across various forms of media, including television, film, and the internet, as a way to critique or comment on the authenticity of someone’s emotions. In literature, it is used to convey an emotional disconnect, and this has been exemplified in the works of authors like Anthony Horowitz, who skillfully incorporates the concept into character narratives to imply deceit.

Interpreting Emotions

In human communication, not all expressions of emotion align with genuine feelings. This discordance is the focal point when discussing phrases like “weep crocodile tears,” which epitomize insincerity.

Psychology Behind Insincerity

Emotional expressions serve as outward manifestations of one’s internal state. However, when individuals convey emotions that do not mirror their true feelings, this behavior is characterized as insincere. The psychology behind such insincere displays of emotion can be multifaceted, involving complex motivations such as seeking attention, manipulating others, or societal expectations to behave in a certain way. At times, there may be a strategic advantage to presenting a contrived emotional front.

Expressions of False Remorse and Sadness

Expressions of false remorse and sadness, like “weep crocodile tears,” articulate a sentiment of sham sorrow. These actions are often deliberate, where an individual may pretend to feel remorseful or sad to deceive others. Scholars suggest that such expressions can be hypocritical and are employed to elicit a specific response or to hide one’s true intentions. The term itself harks back to a myth where crocodiles were thought to shed tears while consuming their prey, hence becoming synonymous with exaggerated or false sorrow.